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ADHD Evaluations and Diagnoses Making a diagnosis is the first step towards understanding and addressing symptoms. Find a licensed mental health professional or physician (psychiatrist or neurologist, family physician) who is skilled in ADHD evaluations and diagnoses. The specialist will conduct an interview structured to examine your past. They might request old reports and speak to your family members, teachers or friends to learn about your childhood behavior. Symptoms Children and adults who have symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have trouble with paying close attention, listening attentively and following directions—things that come naturally to others. The symptoms also may interfere with learning and relationships at school, work and at home. If you or your child have these symptoms, speak to an GP. They can't formally diagnose ADHD however, they can discuss your concerns with you and recommend specialist services, if needed. A GP can help you determine if your symptoms are related to ADHD by asking questions, looking over your medical history and health records and conducting physical examination. You may also provide the background of ADHD in your family to help with diagnosis. The GP can then recommend you to a psychiatrist or psychologist to conduct a psychiatric examination. The evaluation could include the description and scales of your symptoms completed by you and your family members, and a physical exam, lab tests and a psychiatric evaluation. Psychologists and psychiatrists can diagnose ADHD among adolescents and children using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition of the American Psychiatric Association. They will look for an inattention pattern, hyperactivity and impulsivity that lasts for at least six months and determining whether these symptoms have a significant impact on your daily life at home, work and school. Adults may also be diagnosed with ADHD however, their symptoms will likely present differently as they age. They can have a predominantly inattentive presentation of the disorder, a predominantly hyperactive/impulsive presentation or a combination of both. If your adult symptoms match the guidelines for diagnosis, you may be treated with medication. Psychostimulants, which affect neurotransmitters in the brain, are often prescribed to treat ADHD in adults. These medications boost energy and alertness, as well as improving concentration and focus. These medications can be administered in extended-release form to lessen the effects of the effects of side effects. Adults who present with inattention ADHD can be treated with antidepressants. These medications, such as Wellbutrin and Effexor, affect neurotransmitters and improve mood and concentration. Diagnosis A diagnosis of ADHD can help you gain control of symptoms which may affect your personal and professional life. A licensed mental health professional (psychiatrists or neurologists, or family doctors) can conduct a psychiatric assessment. A person who has an underlying symptom-based diagnosis such as ADHD must adhere to certain guidelines set forth in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition to be eligible for treatment for ADHD. During the ADHD evaluation, you will be asked questions about your child's behavior at home, at school and in social settings. Your child's medical history, development and family history will be studied. They will then assess your child's behavior to those of other children of similar age. They can use standard ratings scales to gauge the frequency of certain behavior problems, such as inability to pay attention, ignoring things, and interrupting others. There are three presentations of ADHD – predominately inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined. To be diagnosed with ADHD, your child must meet six of the nine symptoms that fall under either the inattentive or the hyperactive-impulsive categories. They must occur in two or more settings that affect your child's behavior and cause problems, and have been present for at least six months. If adhd diagnosing does not meet all of the criteria needed to be diagnosed of inattentive ADHD Your healthcare provider will assign them unspecified ADHD. They might also decide that your child does not have a hyperactive-impulsive presentation of the condition and not give them an official ADHD diagnosis. A thorough psychiatric examination may include neuropsychological and psychological testing, and cognitive tests that are computer-based. Your doctor will examine your child's blood pressure and conduct an examination to identify any medical issues that could be a cause of ADHD symptoms, such as thyroid disorders or head injuries (Austerman 2015). Teachers may also ask and parents for a thorough history and conduct a thorough interview with your child and your family. They will take into consideration whether there is an ancestral history of ADHD because the condition is highly genetically inherited. Treatment If someone has been identified as having ADHD the person may require treatment or medication for their behavior. Behavioral therapy could include family and individual counseling as well as group therapies, such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). To start treatment, it is necessary to locate a professional who has expertise in ADHD diagnosis and is covered by insurance. You can start by contacting your insurance company or a local mental health support group such as the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) or CHADD to find a professional who specialize in ADHD in your area. Some doctors use computer tests, such as continuous performance tests, to determine issues with impulse control and attention. Other doctors use brain scans, like single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) to search for any abnormalities. However, experts agree that the most significant element of an examination is a patient-patient interview. During the interview, the clinician will discuss the symptoms that led to the appointment. The doctor might also seek out someone who is familiar with the patient, such as their spouse, parent or sibling, for information. The clinician will also talk to nannies, teachers, coaches and other adults who spend a lot of time with the patient. This is a thorough process and can be a long time. The clinician will complete an evaluation report and then discuss the findings with the patient. It is essential to remember that a diagnosis of ADHD is based on the extent to which the symptoms impact the person's everyday life. This means that the person's symptoms must cause significant impairment in at least two major settings, such as work and home. The impairment must have been present for at least six months to be considered a valid diagnosis of ADHD. During the interview, the clinician will go over the patient's medical and psychiatric history and determine whether or not the patient meets the diagnostic criteria set by the American Psychiatric Association in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition Text Revision (DSM-5). A valid diagnosis of ADHD requires at least three of the five symptoms such as difficulty paying attention specifics, making erroneous mistakes, difficulty staying focused on other tasks or activities, and trouble listening to someone's voice when they speak. Prevention People with inattentional ADHD are often not diagnosed. They're not as disruptive or impulsive as those with hyperactive ADHD and can be overlooked. But their problems do result in consequences: they might not perform well at school, get into trouble with classmates or have difficulty to hold an occupation. These people also need to be treated with respect. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is the official term used to describe the condition. The term ADD is still occasionally used but it's not the most commonly used. The newer version is based on the fact that children might only have symptoms of inattention. While many of the symptoms are common to all cases, there are a few variations in the way that the disorder manifests itself between girls and boys. Girls and children assigned female at birth (AFAB) tend to show more inattentive symptoms, which are less noticeable, than the hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. This makes it more likely that they are not diagnosed and receive less treatment. A reliable diagnosis requires a thorough examination by a health care professional. This may include a clinical interview, medical history review and physical examination. It is also a matter of reviewing reports from teachers, parents or other adults who know the person, as well as normed scales of rating completed by loved ones and educators. These are helpful in determining whether the symptoms are present to an extent that they affect the way you function. It is crucial to conduct a thorough examination in order to determine whether the symptoms are related to another medical or psychiatric condition, such as anxiety or depression. In some cases treatment of other disorders can help alleviate or eliminate ADHD symptoms. Those who are diagnosed with the disorder must be aware of what to expect in terms of their treatment and possible medication side effects. They should also keep in contact with their physician to make sure that the medication is functioning as it should. The most popular treatment for inattentive ADHD is stimulant medications which can help improve concentration and reduce impulsive behaviors. Children and adults with ADHD who are inattentive may benefit from other treatment options such as cognitive behavioral therapy or parent training. It is important to remind those who are prescribed ADHD medication to visit their doctors regularly, as some patients may require adjustments in dosages or other treatment options.